Explore core concepts by chapter
This chapter will help you to:
- understand the historical origins of sociology, what it is, and how it is used today
- see how sociology is different from, and related to, other social sciences
- become acquainted with sociology's five key "theoretical paradigms," or approaches
- know the advantages of taking a "fusion" approach to sociological inquiry.
This chapter will help you to:
- appreciate the importance—for responsible citizens as well as aspiring sociologists—of being able to interpret social research findings
- recognize the difference between a theory and a hypothesis
- understand the differences between qualitative and quantitative research
- become familiar with the different types of measurement in quantitative research
- know the different types of qualitative research
- appreciate the advantages of qualitative and quantitative methods, and see the value in using qualitative and quantitative methods together.
This chapter will help you to:
- understand how demography—the study of population composition and population change—contributes to our understanding of social organization and cities
- learn how population, cities, and the environment are viewed from the perspective of the five classical theoretical frameworks
- consider the interrelationship between the natural and built environments we live in
- appreciate and assess concerns about overpopulation and the strain that population growth places on the environment
- see the role of cities in human history and global society.
This chapter will help you to:
- recognize the difference between role and status, and know how these contribute to identity
- understand labelling theory, the looking-glass self, and the dramaturgical approach as concepts used to understand identity
- state some of the features of teams, gangs, and bands
- describe the characteristics of cliques and the conditions in which they form
- understand the processes that occur within bureaucracies.
This chapter will help you to:
- define socialization and identify some of the main agents of socialization
- describe different kinds of socialization processes, including primary and secondary socialization and resocialization
- understand how culture is passed from one generation to the next through socialization
- explain how socialization can be connected to gender, racial, and class prejudices
- discuss what Canadian culture is.
This chapter will help you to:
- define socialization and identify some of the main agents of socialization
- describe different kinds of socialization processes, including primary and secondary socialization and resocialization
- understand how culture is passed from one generation to the next through socialization
- explain how socialization can be connected to gender, racial, and class prejudices
- discuss what Canadian culture is.
This chapter will help you to:
- distinguish between sex and gender, and discuss how these concepts affect the lives of men and women
- recognize the different varieties of feminism and the ways each proposes to change society
- describe several ways in which gender socialization occurs, and in what settings
- consider why some sexual behaviours are seen as deviant and how popular views change over time
- gain perspective on the sexualization of our culture.
This chapter will help you to:
- learn that racial and ethnic classifications are historically specific and socially constructed
- consider the influence of past and present immigration trends on Canadian society and social policies
- discover that the "social distance" between different ethnic and racial groups has shrunk over the last century, pointing to a brighter future in human interaction.
This chapter will help you to:
- understand, and see differences and similarities among, the various sociological theories of class relations
- see how work and social class are related
- observe how the organization of work has changed over time
- draw conclusions about the effects of globalization on the organization of work.
This chapter will help you to:
- understand the features that characterize regions, nations, and empires
- see how nations are connected through relations of dominance and subordination
- explain the relationship between core, peripheral, and semi-peripheral states according to world-systems theory
- define globalization and neoliberalism, and discuss how these two ideas are connected
- identify some of the social and economic effects of globalization on both developed and developing countries
- describe the social implications of war and terrorism.
This chapter will help you to:
- understand the differences between the nuclear and the extended family, and identify the ways in which family structures have changed and diversified
- describe some of the ways in which families solve their problems and respond to changes
- recognize the reasons that some families are more functional and cohesive than others
- explain why age groups and generations can be viewed as imagined communities
- learn how changing age relations are affecting both the family and society.
This chapter will help you to:
- learn about the role that schools play in creating an informed and effective citizenry
- understand the social functions of higher education
- identify the various inequalities perpetuated by educational institutions
- appreciate the relationship between formal education and the community of which it is a part.
This chapter will help you to:
- understand religion as a phenomenon that meets universal social needs
- recognize the role of religion in today’s secularized societies
- identify the trends of religious participation in Canada today
- evaluate the contributions of religion to social well-being
- understand the relationship between traditional institutional religion and new religious movements and civil religion.
This chapter will help you to:
- discuss various theoretical approaches to studying the media
- analyze the positive and negative effects of the mass media on society
- learn about the influence of media ownership on media content
- consider the inequalities in media access and their effects.
This chapter will help you to:
- define nation-states and analyze the different types of states
- come to understand the role of ideology and hegemony in social and political life
- identify the causes, functions, and consequences of social movements
- establish a connection between politics and social movements.